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From Space to Place and Back Again: A Review of David Harvey's Book on Postmodernity
David Harvey is a renowned Marxist geographer and scholar who has written extensively on the topics of capitalism, urbanization, social justice, and political economy. In his book From Space to Place and Back Again: Reflections on the Condition of Postmodernity, he explores the spatial and temporal dimensions of the postmodern era, which he defines as \"a condition characterized by a heightened degree of uncertainty and indeterminacy in all aspects of social, political, economic and cultural life\" [^1^].
Harvey argues that postmodernity is not a new historical epoch, but rather a new mode of experience that emerged in the late 20th century as a result of the crisis of modernity. Modernity, according to Harvey, was based on the ideals of rationality, progress, universality, and emancipation, which were fostered by the Enlightenment, the Industrial Revolution, and the rise of nation-states. However, these ideals were challenged and undermined by various factors, such as the contradictions of capitalism, the failures of socialism, the rise of fascism and totalitarianism, the proliferation of nuclear weapons, the environmental degradation, and the cultural fragmentation [^2^].
Postmodernity, then, is a response to the loss of faith in modernity and its grand narratives. It is characterized by a shift from space to place and back again, meaning that people are constantly moving between different locations and identities, without a stable sense of belonging or direction. Harvey analyzes how this shift affects various aspects of social life, such as urban planning, architecture, art, literature, media, consumption, politics, and ecology. He also examines how postmodernity challenges the notions of space and time that were dominant in modernity. He argues that space has become more flexible and fluid, while time has become more compressed and fragmented [^1^].
Harvey's book is a comprehensive and critical examination of postmodernity and its implications for society and culture. He offers a Marxist perspective that seeks to expose the contradictions and inequalities that underlie postmodernism as an ideology and a practice. He also proposes some alternatives and strategies for overcoming the problems of postmodernity and creating a more democratic and sustainable future. His book is a valuable resource for anyone interested in understanding the complex and dynamic condition of postmodernity.One of the main themes that Harvey discusses in his book is the relationship between space and place in postmodernity. He argues that space and place are not fixed or static categories, but rather dynamic and relational ones that are constantly being produced and reproduced by social practices and power relations. He defines space as \"the realm of flows, movement, process and change\" and place as \"the realm of fixity, identity, stability and permanence\" [^1^]. He suggests that postmodernity is marked by a tension between these two realms, as people seek to create places of meaning and belonging in a world that is increasingly dominated by global flows of capital, information, culture, and people [^1^].
Harvey also examines how different forms of spatial organization and representation reflect and shape different modes of social and political action. He distinguishes between three types of spatiality: absolute, relative, and relational. Absolute space is based on the idea of a fixed and measurable grid that can be mapped and controlled. Relative space is based on the idea of distance and direction that can vary depending on the position and movement of the observer. Relational space is based on the idea of connections and interactions that can create new spatial configurations and meanings [^1^]. Harvey argues that modernity was characterized by the dominance of absolute space, which supported the rationalization and domination of nature and society by science, technology, and state power. Postmodernity, on the other hand, is characterized by the emergence of relative and relational spaces, which challenge the authority and legitimacy of absolute space and open up new possibilities for resistance and creativity [^1^].
However, Harvey also warns that postmodernity is not necessarily a progressive or emancipatory condition. He argues that postmodernism as a cultural phenomenon is often complicit with neoliberalism as an economic and political phenomenon. He claims that postmodernism promotes a culture of individualism, consumerism, fragmentation, and simulation that undermines collective action and social justice. He also claims that neoliberalism exploits the flexibility and fluidity of relative and relational spaces to impose its own logic of accumulation and domination. He criticizes postmodernism for its lack of historical awareness and its tendency to celebrate difference without addressing inequality [^1^]. He calls for a critical engagement with postmodernity that does not abandon the emancipatory potential of modernity, but rather reclaims it in a new spatial context [^1^]. aa16f39245